Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory

 

Abraham Maslow is well renowned for proposing the Hierarchy of Needs Theory in 1943.

This theory may be a classical depiction of human motivation. This theory is predicated on the idea that there's a hierarchy of 5 needs within each individual. The urgency of these needs varies.

 

These five needs as follows-

1.     Physiological needs- These are the essential needs of air, water, food, clothing and shelter.  In other words, physiological needs are the requirements for basic amenities of life.

2.     Safety needs- Safety needs include physical, environmental and emotional safety and protection. For instance- Job security, financial security, protection from animals, family security, health security, etc.

3.     Social needs- Social needs include the necessity for love, affection, care, belongingness, and friendship.

4.     Esteem needs- Esteem needs are of two types: internal esteem needs (self- respect, confidence, competence, achievement and freedom) and external esteem needs (recognition, power, status, attention and admiration).

5.     Self-actualization need- This include the urge to become what you're capable of becoming / what you've got the potential to become. It includes the necessity for growth and self-contentment. It also includes desire for gaining more knowledge, social- service, creativity and being aesthetic. The self- actualization needs are never fully satiable. As a private grows psychologically, opportunities keep cropping up to continue growing consistent with Maslow, individuals are motivated by unsatisfied needs. As each of those needs is significantly satisfied, it drives and forces subsequent got to emerge. Maslow grouped the five needs into two categories - Higher-order needs and Lower-order needs. The physiological and therefore the safety needs constituted the lower-order needs. These lower-order needs are mainly satisfied externally. The social, esteem, and self-actualization needs constituted the higher-order needs. These higher-order needs are generally satisfied internally, i.e., within a private. Thus, we will conclude that in boom period, the workers lower-order needs are significantly met.

 

 

     Implications of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory for Managers

1.     As far because the physiological needs are concerned, the managers should give employees appropriate salaries to get the essential necessities of life. Breaks and eating opportunities should tend to employees.

2.     As far because the safety needs are concerned, the managers should provide the workers job security, safe and hygienic work environment, and retirement benefits so on retain them.

3.     As far as social needs are concerned, the management should encourage teamwork and organize social events.

4.     As far as esteem needs are concerned, the managers can appreciate and reward employees on accomplishing and exceeding their targets. The management can give the deserved employee higher job rank / position within the organization.

5.     As far as self-actualization needs are concerned, the managers can give the workers challenging jobs during which the employees‘skills and competencies are fully utilized. Moreover, growth opportunities are often given to them in order that they will reach the height. The managers must identify the necessity level at which the worker is existing then those needs are often utilized as push for motivation.

 

    Limitations of Maslow’s Theory

1.               It’s essential to notice that not all employees are governed by same set of needs. Different individuals could also be driven by different needs at same point of your time. it's always the foremost powerful unsatisfied need that motivates a private.

2.               The idea isn't empirically supported.

3.               the idea isn't applicable just in case of starving artist as albeit the artist‘s basic needs aren't satisfied, he will still strive for recognition and achievement.

        Advantages of maslow theory

             Simple to Understand:  Maslow theory of motivation is that it's very simple to know.

              It takes under consideration Human Nature: Another advantage of this theory is that it gives consideration to basic attribute that's demanding more as lower level needs are satisfied.

             Relevant altogether Fields: it's relevant in most fields of life because whether you're home or at office you begin with basic need only so reception you initially priority is doing necessary arrangements in order that you get food daily, then next come security of your home and once security and food aspect is taken care of you progress to social affection by calling your relatives and friends at you home then come the vanity once you decorate your house with expensive furniture and showpieces to point out off the society.

   Disadvantages of maslow theory of motivation

Not all Individuals Think within the Same way: the most important disadvantage of this theory is that not all individuals think within the same way hence for a few individuals social affection and respect is more important than safety needs which is that the reason why one sees many of us do grand ceremony of their children’s birthdays or marriages or purchasing expensive cars so as to point out off to society before buying insurance plan for family or purchasing a house for the family as they get more satisfaction from showing off to society than fulfilling safety needs of the family.

Culture Differences:  Another limitation of this theory is that there are sure to be cultural differences when this theory is applied to different nations as each nation or country has different culture so for instance in countries like USA kids after certain age leave their home and fogeys don't need to worry about their kids future and youngsters also don't need to worry about their parents whereas in countries like India where joint family culture is prevalent kids and fogeys both need to believe one another once they are fulfilling their needs.

Difficult to Measure: it's very difficult to live the satisfaction which one gets after satisfying each level of need because it is subjective in nature because it deals with human mind which can't be predicted by any machine or method.